Chemical Peel

Types of Peels in Cosmetology

Chemical procedures are classified by the depth of their effect on the skin and fall into three main categories. Each type has its own application features, indications, and outcomes.

Superficial

Superficial peels affect only the stratum corneum of the epidermis, removing dead cells. Mild acids are used: glycolic, lactic, pyruvic. The procedure is painless and does not require long rehabilitation.

Medium

A medium peel penetrates deeper, reaching the entire epidermis down to the basal layer. More concentrated acids are used: trichloroacetic, high-concentration salicylic. It requires preparation and a recovery period.

Deep

A deep peel reaches the dermis, providing maximum rejuvenation. Phenol or high-concentration trichloroacetic acid is used. The procedure is invasive and requires a long rehabilitation.

Superficial Chemical Peel

Types

The main types include glycolic (based on alpha-hydroxy acids), lactic (for sensitive skin), pyruvic (for oily skin), and mandelic (for gentle action). Each type has specific indications and application features.

How Superficial Peel Works

The mechanism is based on a controlled chemical burn of the upper epidermal layers. The acid dissolves intercellular bonds, accelerating the natural renewal process. Cell regeneration is stimulated, improving skin texture and tone.

Effects of Superficial Peel

Results include evening out skin tone, reducing fine wrinkles, tightening enlarged pores, eliminating pigmentation spots, and improving overall skin condition. The effect is cumulative and appears after a course of treatments.

Frequency

Recommended frequency: once every 7–14 days, depending on skin type and acid concentration. A course usually includes 4–6 sessions and can be repeated every 3–4 months to maintain results.

Medium Chemical Peel

Types

These include TCA peels of different concentrations, combined formulas with salicylic acid, and retinoic methods. Each type targets specific aesthetic issues and has its own contraindications.

How Medium Peel Works

The effect extends across the entire epidermis, causing controlled exfoliation. This process stimulates collagen and elastin production in the dermis, providing a more pronounced rejuvenating effect compared to superficial methods.

Effects of Medium Peel

Results include significant wrinkle reduction, elimination of age-related pigmentation, evening out skin relief, and increased elasticity. The effect is more stable and visible than with superficial peels.

Frequency

Performed once a month, a course consists of 3–4 sessions. A repeat course is recommended no earlier than 6 months later. Prior skin preparation is mandatory.

Deep Chemical Peel

Types

The main representative is the phenol method, which ensures maximum penetration depth. It is performed exclusively in clinical settings under anesthesia due to its high invasiveness.

How Deep Peel Works

The effect reaches the papillary dermis, causing tissue necrosis followed by regeneration. This process triggers powerful collagen production, providing radical facial rejuvenation.

Frequency

The procedure is performed once, and repetition is highly undesirable due to the risk of complications. The rehabilitation period lasts up to 6 months and requires constant medical supervision.

Indications and Contraindications

Indications include:

• age-related skin changes and fine wrinkles;

• pigmentation disorders and uneven skin tone;

• enlarged pores and excess oiliness;

• post-acne and scarring;

• preparation for other cosmetic procedures.

Contraindications include:

• acute inflammatory processes;

• active herpes infection;

• pregnancy and breastfeeding;

• oncological diseases;

• skin integrity disorders.

How to Choose a Facial Peel

The choice depends on skin type, age, and the severity of aesthetic concerns.

• Superficial — suitable for young skin with minor imperfections.

• Medium — effective for visible age-related changes.

• Deep — applied only in exceptional cases with serious problems.

Stages of the Procedure

A standard protocol includes:

1. skin cleansing and degreasing;

2. application of the acid solution;

3. exposure for a specific time;

4. acid neutralization;

5. application of soothing products;

6. post-procedure recommendations.

Duration varies by peel type and ranges from 30 minutes to 2 hours.

Aftercare

Post-procedure care includes:

• using moisturizing and regenerating products;

• mandatory use of sunscreens;

• avoiding mechanical impact on the skin;

• avoiding makeup in the first days;

• avoiding heat treatments and intense physical activity.

Proper care ensures optimal healing and prevents complications.

Facial Peeling in Russia

In Russia, chemical procedures have become widely popular due to their accessibility and high effectiveness. Sessions are carried out in specialized cosmetic centers under the supervision of qualified specialists.

Clinics

RAMI – a clinic with extensive experience in the field of chemical procedures, using certified products and modern treatment protocols.
Olymp Clinic – a medical center offering a wide range of acid treatments with high-quality cosmetic products and an individual approach.
Seline Clinic – a clinic that combines comfortable conditions with professional performance of all types of chemical treatments for the face and body.

Cost

The price depends on the type of treatment, the clinic level, and the region. On average, the cost of superficial procedures in Russia ranges from $25 to $100 per session, while medium-depth ones range from $60 to $200.

MARUS Assistance

The MARUS company provides professional support in selecting the optimal type of acid treatment and helps find qualified specialists for the safe and effective performance of chemical skin renewal procedures.